This in vitro and animal model study evaluated the safety profile of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) through acute and 90-day sub-chronic dosing experiments in Wistar rats, along with mutagenicity testing. The research assessed toxicological endpoints including clinical signs, body weight changes, organ weights, blood chemistry, and genetic damage potential to establish safety parameters for NMN exposure. This evidence comes from animal model studies and in vitro mutagenicity assays, which represent preliminary safety data that typically precedes human clinical evaluation.